Apparatus for use in making shoes



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F. E. @EEWTRANQ APPARATUS FOR USE IN MAKING sHoEs Filed May 18, 1.922Shaecs8heet 1 .&, m

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Patented Apr. 3, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERIG E. BERTRAND, OF LYNN, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO UNITED SHOEMACHINERY CORPORATION, OF PA'IEBSON, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEWJERSEY.

APPARATUS FOR USE IN MAKING SHOES.

Application filed May 18, 1922, Serial No. 561,901, and in Great BritainMay 25, 1821.

This invention relates to apparatus for use in attaching heels to shoes,and in analogous operations, and is in ation of my application SerialNo. 402,281,

a tiled Aug. 9, 1920, which has matured into United States LettersPatent No. 1,502,014 dated July 24, 1924. Although not limited theretothe invention is herein illustrated as embodied in apparatusparticularly designed for use in attaching wood heels to ladies shoes.

' It has been customary, heretofore, to apply an adhesive to the woodheel and the heel seat of the shoe and then to clamp the heel to theshoeby means of an iron C clamp which is left on the shoe for a sufficientperiod of time to allow the adhesive to set. For quantity productionthis necessitates a large number of bulky clamps and interposes a longinterval before other operations can be performed on the shoe. Accordingto a superior method described and claimed in United States applicationSerial No. 367,173, filed Mar. 19, 1920, on application of MauriceBresnahan, which has matured into United States Letters Patent No.1,615,258, dated January 25, 1927, the heel may be fastened temporarilyto the shoe by a screw which passes through a last on which the shoe issupported and enters the heel. This screw takes the place of the' largeclamps previously referred to andpermits other operations to beperformed on the shoe while the adhesive sets. An object of the presentinvention is to provide improved apparatus which, without sacrifice ofutility in other directions, is especially well adapted for use incarrying out the method described in the above-identified Letters PatentNo. 1,615,258.

With this object in view the invention, in one aspect, comprises a novelformof clamp for holding a last and shoe and heel firmly in position,for example in performing the above art a oontinu-.

described operations, including a clamp'memtoward and from the last byrock arms connected thereto. Preferably shorter rock arms are connectedto the links intermediate their ,ends, or some equivalent constructionmay be used in order to carry the clamp member over the end of the shoeout of the way when the clamp'is opened.

In order to provide for minor variations in the heights of lasts andheels, the above described clamp member may be arranged to be operatedyieldingly by connecting it to a. manually controlled arm such as atreadle througha spring. The action of the spring may be keptsubstantially uniform when there is a considerable variation in theheight of the last or heel, by providing an adjustment between thespring and the clampmember.

- Other features of my invention, including ad ustments of the variousparts and different combinations and specific constructions, w ll beapparent from the following description of the embodiment of myinvention shown in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a perspective, partly broken away, of the upper portion of theapparatus, showing a last, shoe and heel clamped therein;

Fig. 2 is a section through the lower part of the apparatus showin aside elevation of the last, shoe and heel c amping means;

Fig. 3 is a front elevation oorrespondin to Fig. 2 and showing the last,shoe and hee clamping means;

Fig. 4 is a section on the line 4-4 in Fig. 2 showing "the connectionbetween the t-readle rod and clamp carryin links;

Fig. 5 is a side elevation 0 some of the operating parts showing thedriving of a screw fastener, with the driving device shown partly insection;

Fig. 6 is a view showing the seating of the driving device on itssupport; and

Fig. 7 is a view, partly in section, of part of an improved last adaptedfor use in temporarily attaching heels as described.

According to the above-described novel method of temporarily attachingheels, especially wood Louis heels, to shoes, the shoes are lasted andbottomed on improved lasts, one of which is shown in Fig. 7 at4, A.

'" last of this type is formed as shown, with a thimble be e 5 usuallyperpendicular to the heel seat of the last, and with a second hole 6passing entirely through the last in a direction parallel to the axis ofa heel on a shoe on the last. The hole 6 registers witha hole 8approximately at the center of a metal heel plate 7 used for clinchingthe lasting tacks and heel-seat nails. A tackhole 9 is also providedinthe heel plate for the reception of a tack temporarlly holding thesole. As will be explained, a suitable fastening (shown at 94 in Fig. 5)1s. passed through holes 6 and 8 and through the shoe bottom into theheel, to clamp the last and the shoe and heel together, to permit theshoe to be finished while the heel-attaching adhesive is drying.

If desired, the last may be counterbored as shown at 11 in Fig. 7, toprovide a surface at right angles to the axis of hole 6, against whichsurface the head portion of a fastener may seat firmly.

The heel is supported by engagement with a tread plate 14, pivotallymounted on a hollow supporting post 16 adjustably mounted in a table 10to which it is secured by a set screw 18, and a member 20 shaped tocorrespond to the contour of its rear surface. The tread plate 14 andthe member 20 may both be faced with leather, felt or other suitablepadding, and the member 20 is arran ed for vertical adjustment toreceive hee s of different shapes and heights, and is secured to thepost 16 in adjusted position by means of a set screw 22. The toe portionof the shoe is supported by a plate 24 connected by links 26 to a post28 which is adjustably held in the table 10 by means of a set screw 30.The bolts clamping the links 26 to the post 28 and the plate 24 arearranged to bind with sufficient tightness to prevent accidentaldisplacement of the plate 24 while at the same time permitting itsadjustment. The plate 24 is arranged with a recess in which is receiveda slide 32 which is clamped in adjusted position by means of set screw34, and which carries a pin 36 engaging one side of the toe portion of ashoe to prevent the shoe from turning. In the illustrated machine,number 20, while adjustable as to height, has an invariable inclination.Accordingly the shoe is adjusted by tilting plates 14 and 24 to bringthe back of the heel firmly against member 20.

A last, shoe and heel supported by engagement with (plates 24'and 14 andmember 20 are clampe rigidly thereagainst, by a clam ing member 40frictionally mounted, for sildmg adjustment laterally of the last andfor automatic tilting to engage the last. firmly, on a rod 42 which iscarried by a pair of sleeves 44. The sleeves 44 are car-' ried by links46 on which the may be slidingly adjusted according to t e verticalheight of the last and heel. These sleeves are clam ed in adjustedposition by tightening suita le clamp screws 48.

Intermediate theirends the links 46 are' pivotally secured at 50 to apair of arms 52 pivotally mounted on an ad ustable arm 1 54slidinglyclamped inthe head of the post 28. At their lower ends links 46are secured to arms 56 formed on a U-shaped member 58 (Fig. 4). Themember 58 is formed with bearings for a spindle 60 secured in aprojection 62 formed on the lower end of post 16. It will be observedthat arms 56 are substantially longer than arms 52. By this arrangement,whenever clamp member 40 is moved upwardly, links 46 are pushed upwardby arms 56, and are also rocked about the connections 50 with arms 52,to carry the clamp member 40 forwardly over the toe end of the shoeentirely outof the way of the operator. By a comparison of Figs. 2 and3, it will be observed that arms 52 are bowed upwardly and away fromlinks 46 to permit a greater forward motion of links 46 than wouldotherwise be possible without bringing the' links into engagement withthese arms. The upward and forward, or idle, position of clamp member 40is adjustably determined by a threaded stop 64 which engages an abutment66 formed on the projection 62 from post 16.

The position of clamp member 40 longitudinally of the apparatus isdetermined by the adjustment of arm 54 in the head of post 28.

Arms 56 are rocked in order to o erate the above-described clampingmeans by means of improved. yielding adjustable connections from asultable treadle 70. The treadle 7 0 is connected to a two-part treadlerod 72 which can be adjusted for length by loosening a clamp member 74andon which is adj ustably secured a finger 76 connected by ,means of acoil spring 78 into the projection 62. The coil spring serves to holdthe treadle and the movable parts of the clamp in their upper or idleposition and need only A be of sufficient strength for this purpose. Theupper portion of treadle rod 72 is formed into a head or eye 80 withinthe hollow portion of post 16, which engages a flange 82 on a sleeve 84slidingly mounted on treadle rod 7 2 between eye 80and an adjustablestop 83. Sleeve 84 is arranged to operate arms 56 through the medium ofa yoke 86 secured to said arms. If desired, it may be keyed to yoke 86as shown in Fig. 3 to prevent turning. Downward movement which isimparted to sleeve 84, by treadle 70 acting through treadle rod 72, isimparted to the yoke 86 through a stiff coil spring 88 confined betweenthe yoke and head 82 of the sleeve. Upw ard movement of sleeve 84 istransmitted to yoke 86 through a stop 90 adjustably mounted on the.threaded lower end of the sleeve. One purpose of the stop 90 is topermit adjustment of the compression of spring 88. The upper position ofclamp 40 may be varied independently of the upper position of treadle70, if desired, by adjusting stop 83 to allow a greater or less degreeof 10st motion of sleeve 84 on red 7 While it is usually preferred tohold the clamp by standing on treadle 70, yet, it preferred, as analternative construction, a shoe may be held under clamping pressure, bymeans of a pawl 77 (Fig. 2) engaging a ratchet 75 carried by thetreadle.The pawl may be mounted at 85 on an extension 79 from the frame, and isheld against ratchet 75 by a spring 93. It may be released by depressingan auxiliary treadle 91.

It is one purpose of the above-described connections to provide for aheavy predetermined yielding pressure on each last, and in order thatthis pressure may be readily adjusted to a fixed standard the treadle isprovided with a headed device 92 sliding freely in a perforation formedin the treadle and'arranged to have a definite amount, for exampleone-half inch, of lost motion when the treadle is operated. When it isdesired to adjust the clamping means for a given last. shoe and heel,the operator places his foot on the head of the device 92 instead ofdirectly on the treadle, loosens clamp screws 48, depresses the treadleuntil the device 92 engages the floor, and then tightens clamp screws48. lVhen the treadle is depressed in this manner it is held at adefinite distance from the floor, ordinarily about onehalf inch assuggested above, this distance being determined by the amount of lostmotion of device 92. Thereafter in clamping similar lasts, shoes andheels, each time the above-described connections are operated,

'the clamp member 40 will engage the last when the treadle 70 is adefinite distance (e. g. one-half inch) from the floor, and furtherdepression of the treadle operates to compress spring 88. This spring isquite stiff and is held under considerable compression so that eachlast, shoe and heel is held clamped under a heavy yielding pressure of auniform amount equal to the pressure obtained by compressing spring 88 adefinite amount determined by this last increment of the depression oftreadle 70.

It will be noted that theabove-described clamping means provides notonly a conveniently operated means firmly holding a last, shoe and heelclamped under heavy yielding pressure but that it provides for theutmostsimplicityof adjustment. When anew operator first commences workon an apparatus of this type, he will first adjust posts 28 and 16 tohold the work at a convenient height which is especially suited for him,and will then adjust the position of stop 64 and finger 76 to determinethe upper position of the clamp and the treadle. Thereafter the onlyadjustments which need ordinarily be made, are occasional changes in theheight of memher 20, and changes in the position of member 40 withrespect to links 46 which are made by use of the device 92 asabove-described. Au especially important result of this arrangement isthat it permits both of these adjustments to be made by an operator whois standing in his usual position, and without even forcing him tostoop. Another important result is that an arrangement of this sortprovides for independence of the various adjustments so that, forexample, a change in the height of member 20 does not necessitate achange in any other adjustment in the apparatus.

\Vhen a last, shoe and heel have been clamped as above-described, theoperator proceeds to clamp the heel to the shoe and last by 111051115 ofa threaded fastener 94, first preparing the heel by the use of a drill96 and then inserting the fastener by means of a driving deviceindicated generally at 98. Both of these instrumentalities are driven byan electric motor 100 carried by the standard 12. A toothed gear on theend of the arn'iature shaft of this motor is geared in a one-to-oneratio to a gear which drives a flexible shaft 102 operating drill 96.This shaft is of such stiffness, and a support 104 which carries it isso adjusted, that when the shaft is hanging free the drill 96 isdirectly above a perforation in the rear end of the last so that thedrill may conveniently be passed through this perforation to operate onthe heel. lVhen not in use the drill 96 is held in an idle position outof the operators way by means of a hook 106 which is adjustably mountedon the standard 12. If desired a suitable shield or guard may beprovided for the drill when it is in this position, since the drill andthe driving device 98 are both mounted to rotate constantly while theapparatus is in use.

The gear on the end of the armature shaft of motor 100 also meshes in aono-to-two ratie with a gear which drives a shaft in an arm 108. Thisshaft drives. through co-opcrating bevel gears in a head 110, a shaft112 made up of a universal joint 114, a sleeve 116, and a shaft 118which is keyed to the sleeve 116 to prevent relative turning movementwhile pern'iitting the sleeve and the shaft to slide with respect to oneanother. These connections are arranged to operate a fastener driving orinserting tool indicated generally at 98 and best shown in Fig. 5. Thistool comprises a handle portion loosely mounted on the lower end of asleeve clamped to shaft 118, on which is threaded a member 120. Thedriving tool itself is indicated at 122, and is threaded into an outersleeve 124 which is secured to member 120 by a tap screw 126. The outersleeve 124 is formed with teeth and recesses in its upper surface asshown in Figs. 1 and 5, forming one member of a clutch, the other clutchmember being indicated at 128 and being in the form of a second sleevewhich is slidable on member 120 but which is keyed thereto to preventrelative rotation. The two parts of the clutch are forced to gether by acoil spring 130, the tension of which may be regulated by lock nuts 132.

liv this arrangement rotation of shaft 119. is transmitted to thedriving tool 122 through the clutch composed of members 121 and 128,which may slip relatively to one another when the fastening device 9;.has been driven home. The tool 122 is formed with a suitable recess toreceive the eye or head of the fastener 9i and can rotate freely aboutmember 120 except as turned through the above-described clutch. Afterthe clutch begins to slip, the driving device 98 may be held against thehead of fastener 94-, and continued rotation of clutch member 128results in a pounding action of the. co-operating teeth and recesses ofthe two parts of the clutch which results in driving the fastener 9-1very firmly into the heel, without any possibility of injury to thedriving tool.

The abm'e-deseribed arrangement of the parts of the fastenerdriving'tool 98 results in an improved action as compared with previousdevices ol. this character of which applicant is aware, in that theyieldingly engaged clutch members are arranged to slip readily toprevent any possible damage at the time the fastener 94 is driven home,while they remain in intermittent engage ment with one another toproduce the abovedescribed pounding action for tightening the fastener.This is especially important in attaching wood heels according to themethod used with the apparatus above described as the fastener 94 isrelied upon to hold the heel rigidly against the last and shoe during anumber of subsequent operations which tend to displace it.

As shown in Fig. 1 both the drill 96 and the driving tool 98, wheninnse, hang vertically above the fastener receiving perforation in alast which is held clamped in the apparatus. To hold the fastenerdriving tool 98 out of the way when not in use, an adjustable post 134is provided which is formed with a substantially spherical head 136which can freely rotate on an anti-friction ball bearing 138 (Fig. 6).

In operation, the necessary adjustments having first been made, theoperator clamps a last and shoe against the heel, there being a film ofadhesive between the heel and the heel seat of the shoe, by manipulationof treadle 70. Vhile standing on the treadle to hold the last, shoe andheel clamped in this manner, (or while they are held by the means"? ipawl and ratchet), he passes the drill 96 through the perforation in theheel endof the last to prepare the heel for the insertion of a fastener.During this drilling operation, the drill is guided by a smoothcylindrical portion 137 which is substantially a sliding fit in theperforation in the last, and the depth of the hole drilled in the heelis determined by engagement otk an abutment or collar 139 with the topof the last. The operator then withdraws the drill and swings it to itsidle positionwhere it is retained by the hook 106, inserts a fastener94: through the perforation in the last and drives it home by the use offastener driving device 98. 'lheshoe is then removed from the clampingmeans, and is immediately ready for the performance of any desiredfinishing operations, since the heel is held rigidly againstdisplacement by its fastener and there is no necessity of waiting forthe drying of the adhesive. Moreover such finishing operations aregreatly facilitated by the fact that the heel is held by means entirelywithin the shoe so that the outer surface of the shoe is entirelyunobstructed.

lVhile one form of apparatus embodying my invention has been illustratedand de scribed, it is not my intention to limit its scope thereby, orotherwise than by the terms of the appended claims. the herein-disclosednovel features relating to the fastener inserting mechanism are claimedin a divisional application Serial No. 196,245, filed June 3, 1927.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. A shoe support comprising, in combination, means for supporting aheel in upright position, a support for the forward end of a shoeclamped against the heel, said support being mounted for independenttilting and up-and-down adjustment relatively to the heel supportingmeans, and a member carried by said adjustable support and slidinglyclamped therein to engage the side of the shoe to prevent it fromturning.

2. A. shoe support comprising, in combination, a fixed standard, a treadplate pivoted thereon, a support for the side surface of a. heel on thetread plate, oscillatable arms, and a toe plate pivotally carriedthereby to be tilted and adjusted by oscillating the arms to alme itwith the tread plate.

3. A. heel support comprising, in combination, a fixed support, a treadplate pivoted thereto for free tilting adjustment, a member verticallyadjustable on said fixed support to engage the side of a heel on thetread plate, and means to fixedly secure said member in verticallyadjusted position.

4. A heel clamp comprising, in combination", a bench, standards clampedtherein to Certain of be adjusted to suit an operator, toe and heeltread plates pivotall connected to the standards to be brought intosubstatnial alinement, and a support for the rear surface of a heelslidingly clamped in one standard for vertical adjustment.

5. A clamp comprising, in combination, means .lor supporting inassembled relation a shoe and a heel and a member for engaging theinside or a shoe bottom, a head for engaging said member, a. trcadle,and spr ng connections from the treadle to the head yieldingly to clampthe shoe and the heel and said member together.

(5. A heel clamp comprising, in combination, a bench. standards clampedtherein to be adjusted to suit an operator, toe and heel tread platespivotally connected to the standa rds to be brought into substantialalinement, a support for the rear surface of a heel slidingly clamped inone standard for vertical adjustment, and a clamp device carried by thestandards to be adjust-ed therewith.

7. A clamp comprising. in combination, a,

support for a last and shoe and heel, a spindle extending transverselyabove the last from one side of the last to the other, a pair of linksstraddling the shoe and the last. sleeves secured to said spindle andslidable upon said links, means for securing said sleeves in differentpositions of sliding adjustment upon said links, and a last-engagingmember frictionally held on the spindle so as to tilt to engage the lastfirmly.

8. A clamp comprising, in combination, a stationary support for thework, a clamp member, links on opposite sides of the support, springmeans to move the links to operate said member to clamp the work againstthe stationary support, and means to adjust the position of the memberon the links to vary the action of the spring means as described.

9. A clamp comprising, in combination, means to support a last, shoe andheel by engagement with the tread faces of the heel and sole of theshoe, a member to engage the last, a treadle, and spring connectionsfrom the treadle to produce relative movement between said member andsaid means yieldingly to clamp said heel against the last and shoe.

10. A clamp comprising, in combination, a support for a heel and a shoeand last to hold them upright, a member to engage the top of the last, atreadle, and spring connections from the treadle to saidmemberyieldingly to clamp the last and shoe and heel.

11. A machine as defined by claim 9, in which said connections areadjustable as described, to provide a uniform action on lasts and heelsof difierent heights.

12. A clamp comprising, in combination, a support for a last and shoeand heel, a head to engage the last, a. treadle for operating the headto clamp the last and shoe against the heel, and connections between thetreadle and said head including a spring to provide a yielding action ofthe clamp, and an adjustment between the spring and head to preserveuniformity of action of the spring on lasts and heels of differentheights as described.

13. A clamp comprising, in combination, a support for a last and shoeand heel, a head to engage the last, links straddling the last to movethe head to clamp the last and shoe against the heel, and meansadjustably to -clamp the head on the links to fit lasts and heels ofdilferent heights.

14. A clamp comprising, in combination, a stationary support for thework. a member to clamp the work thereagainst, links on opposite sidesof the support to operate said member, rock arms attached to the ends ofthe links. and shorter rock arms arranged to support the links at pointsintermediate the ends of the links and operative to move said memberback out of the way as described when the clamp is opened.

15. A clamp comprising, in combination, a support for a last and shoeand heel, a. clamp member to co-operate therewith in holding the heelclamped against the last and shoe, a pair of links supporting the clampmember. and a plurality of rock-arms connected with each of said linksat points spaced from each other to move said links in voperating theclamp and to move the clamp over the end of the shoe out of the way whenthe work is unclamped.

16. A clamp comprising. in combination, a. support for a last and shoeand heel, a clamp member to co-operate therewith in holding the heelclamped against the lastand shoe, links stradding the last to operatesaid member. rock arms connected to the end of the links, and shorterrock arms arranged to support the links at points intermediate the endsof the links and operative to move the links and clamp member asdescribed.

17. A machine as defined by claim 14. in combination with means toadjust the position of one set of rock arms to vary the position of theclamp member.

18. A machine as defined by claim 14. in combination with an adjustablestop to limit the upward rocking of the arms.

19. A heel clamp comprising, in combination, a support for the l'orepartof a shoe, a support for a last in the shoe, a heel support including amember to engage the rear surface of a Louis heel on the heel-seat otthe shoe. and manually-operable means including a one-way clutch deviceand a spring for imparting relative yielding movement of varying extentto said supports for clamping the heel against the heel-seat of theshoe.

20. A clamp comprising, in combination,

a stationary support for the Work, a member to clamp the workthereagainst, links on opposite sides of the support to operate saidmember, and spring-operated rock arms to move the links to open andclose the clamp.

21. A clamp for a last and shoe and heel comprising, in combination, adevice including a member to engage the tread surface of a heel and afixed member to engage the side surface of the heel, a device to engagea last in a shoe to which the heel is to be clamped, links straddlingthe last and shoe and supporting one of said devices, rock arms formoving the links to produce relative movement between said devices toclamp the heel to the shoe, and means for modifying the path of saidrelative movement.

22. A machine for operating on shoes comprising, in combination, amember to engage the top of a last in a shoe, a treadle to operate themember, and yielding connections therebetween including means to adjustthe vertical position of said member and a spring between said means andthe treadle.

23. A machine for operating on shoes comprising, in combination, amember to engage the top of a last in a shoe, a treadle to operate themember, and yielding connections therebetween including means to adjustthe vertical position of said member and a spring between said means andthe treadle, said treadle having a gage to position it at apredetermined distance from its depressed position, so that When thetreadle is positioned by the gage adjustment of said means to bring themember in engagement with the work will adjust the connections toprovide for a definite yielding of the spring in an amount determined bythe gage, when the treadle is subsequently completely depressed access?24;. A machine for operating on shoes comprising, in combination, amember to engage a last having a shoe mounted thereon, a link carryingsaid member, a rock arm attached to the link to operate it, and ashorter rock arm pivoted to the link intermediate its ends, to guidesaid memberback out of the way when it is raised.

25. A machine for operating on shoes comprising, in combination, amember to engage a last having a shoe mounted thereon, a link carryingsaid member, a rock arm attached to the link to operate it, a shorterrock arm pivoted to the link intern'iediate its ends, to guide saidmember back out of the way when it is raised, a treadle, and springconnections between the treadle and the longer rock arm.

26. A machine as defined by claim 22, in which the member is adjustablymount-ed on said link, and in which means is provided to position thetreadle at a definite distance above its depressed position, so thatwhen the treadle is positioned thereby adjustment of the member toengage the work will determine the extent of yielding of the spring oncomplete depression of the treadle.

27, A clamp comprising, in combination, means for supporting inassembled relation a shoe and a heel and a member Within the shoe forengaging the shoe bottom. a head to engage said member, links straddlingthe shoe to move the head to clamp said member and the shoe against theheel, and means adjustable to clamp the head on the links to accommodateheels and bottom engaging members of difi'erent heights.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

FREDEREG E. BERTRAND.

